Motor.



I. P. @Room MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED AuG.Io. |916.

. l 2%797 lPaftenIIl Nov., 27, 19H1 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

T. P. BROOKE.

MOTOR.

APPucATloN FILED Aucsuio.

Patented Nov., 27, 19W,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THOMAS P. BROOKE', OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Moron.

Orignal application filed November 14,

Specication of Lettersl'atent. i Patent-,i3d V", 27, 1191i?, 1912, Serial No. 731,244. Divided and this application filed August 10, 1916. Serial No. 114,107.

To all whom z't'may concern.'

Be it known that l, THOMAS P. BROOKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook .and State of lllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This application is a division of my original' application,. Serial' No. 731,244, filed in the United States Patent Oiiice November 14th, 1912, and the present invention relates more particularly to improvements in valve opening mechanism of a rotary type of inotor of the class in which the force of the explosion of thecharge will exert an impulse on a movable piston head and a reaction upon the` movable cylinder head,

thereby utilizing the maximum power of the charge and resulting in a motor of a minimum weight of construction and the highest eliciency in power, having the'greatest number of explosions per revolution.

A further object is to provide an improved rotary motor of the four cycle type, which will be compact and comparatively light in construction and yhaving meanswhereby an explosion will be produced on every coinplete revolution of the cylinder.

A further Objectis to provide an improved motor of this type whereby the gyroscopic torque in thefpropeller as well as 1n the motor will be overcome.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in' ,the features of novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement OI` the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention and in which:

Figure 1 is alongitudinal section view of an improved motor of this type constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention with parts broken-away and with parts omitted.

Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view taken on line 4-4, Fig. 1.

Fig. y3 is a detail view in elevation of -the inner face of one of the plates of the cran case.v

Heretofore aeronauticV motors have been constructed in such a manner that consider able of the power obtained from the explosion of the charge has been wasted or lost.

Inthe present invention provision has been made to not only produce the greatest number of explosions for each revolution of the cylinder, but to also secure the maximum power from each explosion. This is rendered possible by the provision in the present invention, of a rotary cylinder and a rotary crank/for causing a relative reciprocatlon of the piston with the result that the force of every explosion is exerted' directly upon two moving elements, so thatthere will be an impulse on the movable piston head and areaction of the force on the end ofthe movable cylinder. This result is accomplished largely by reason of causing the cylinder and crank shaft to which the piston is connected to rotate simultaneously in opposite directions and through other instrumentalities. The objectionable gyroscopic forcesof the rotating parts is overcome by constructing and arranging the-parts in suchl a manner that 'they will neutralize or balance as will be apparent from the specification. v

ln the present form of the invention six cylinders are shown but it is to be understood that any number of cylinders may be employed. That is to say, any equal number of cylinders, but preferably six, and one half of the number of cylinders is offset laterally with relation to the other half as will be seen more clearly in Fig. 7.

It is to be understood that the construction of each of the cylinders, piston rods and valve mechanism are the same and therefore the specific description of one set will apply equally as well to them all.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the cylinders l0 are provided with shoulders adjacent the axis of rotation of the cylinders and have inwardly extending anges 12, preferably of a segmental shape ,extending about the axis to form substantially continuous flanges and these sections are secured together in any desired or suitable manner.

Cover plates 15 and 16 (see F ig. 1v) are provided to extend over the flanges 12 to' form an air and gas tight crank case and these plates are held imposition in any desired or Suitable manner, such as by means of fastening devices 17 passing through the plates and the flanges for removably securing the plates in position. A hollow piston designated generally by the reference numeral 18 is arranged to reciprocate in each of the cylinders and the piston rods 19 of one vset or series of cylinders, to-wit: those which are arranged in alinement, are pivotally" connected to a crank pin-20, in any desired or suitable manner, such as by means of a master piston rod having an enlargement 21, which is directly connected with the crank pin through the medium of an intermediate bushing 22. The other piston rods vof the series or sets, are pivotally connected as at 23 with the enlarged portion 21 of the master piston rod as shown more clearly in Fig. 1. The piston rods of the other set of cylinders are connected in a similar manner. to a crank pin .24, which latter is connected with a revolving shaft 25 through the medium of a crank arm 26. The shaft 25 extends through one of the cover plates 16 and is journaled in a suitable bearing 221, and the crank pin 20 is offset with respect tothe crank pin 24 and,`

connected thereto by means of a crank arm 28. Another shaft 29, which is preferably tubular, extends through the cover plate 15 of the crank case, and is journaled in a suitable bearing 30. The shaft 29 is arranged. in alinement with the shaftl 25 and is connected with the crank pin 20 by means of a crank arm or projection 31. The crank pins, crank arms and the connecting points between the piston rods and thevrespective crank pins are thereby compactly arranged and housed within the crank case. The shaft 29 is preferably of tubular construction so as to kpermit the fuel to be supplied to the crank case through the shaft, and from the crank case, the fuel will pass into the cylinder through the hollow pistons and past the piston valves30, which are located in the plston heads and are adapted to be seated and unseated automatical y during the operation of the engine. The `speciiic construction of the piston valves and the operation thereof form no part of the presentinvention, but form the subject matterof a separate application.

The shaft 25 extends for any desired distance beyond the outer face of the plate 16 and secured to the extremity of the shaft is a propeller designated generally by the reference numeral 32', and this propeller is preferably constructed of three blades, and is of such a size and weight that, in combination with' the crank and piston rods, just described, it will exactly balance the gyroscopic torque in the cylinders and pistons.

The mechanism thus far described is supported in a suitable frame constructed of any desired size and of any suitable material.

The frame preferably comprises spaced parallel members 33, 34. In order to support the structure, ball bearings 35, 36 are provided inx the frame and a portion of the shaft 29 projects beyond the cover plate 15 and is journaled in the bearin 35, while a projecting portion or hub 37 o the cover plate 16 is journaled in the bearing 36. These members 33, 34 are tied together in anyl desired or suitable manner andI the frame is also provided with another memthe shaft 25, and connected with the shaft 25 to rotate therewith is abevel gear 40, which is spaced from the gear 39 and rotates in opposition thereto. Arranged between these gears 39, 40 are connecting bevel gears 42 which are respectively journaled in suitable bearings in the frame, sol that when the parts are operated, the cylinders and crank case will rotate in one direction, while the cranks and the propeller rotate in the opposite direction.

In order to provide a support for the shaft 25 where it passes through the member 38 of the frame, a ball bearing 46 may be provided through which the shaft passes. Thus it will be seen that the mechanism thus far described issupported in such a manner that the friction between the contacting and' revolving parts will be reduced to a mimmum.

Arranged at the end of each of the cylinders l0 is an exhaust valve 47, which is provided vvith a stem 48 projecting beyond the end of the cylinder and a spring 49 is provided and surrounds the stem for the `purpose of holding the valve to its seat when the parts are not in motion. Each of these valves is opened by means of a rod 450, one end of which is connectedA with one end of- Aan arm 51, pivoted intermediate its ends as yheavier'than the combined weight of the other portion of the arm, the valve and the spring 49. The other end of each of the rods 50 projects into the crank case through a suitable bushing or collar 55, as shown more clearly in Fig. 1 and is operated so as to open the valve in a manner which will now be described.

The cover 'plate 15 is provided on its inner face with recesses 56 which are arranged concentric with the opening 57 through which the shaft 29 passes, and the shaft is provided adjacent the inner face of the cover plate with an eccentric cam portion 58 An external toothed gear 59 provided. with a concentric central opening is connected with the shaft 29 through the medium of a bearing 60, preferably of the ball type which latter is arranged within the concentric opening of the gear and in which bearing the eccentric cam 58 is journaled.

VAn'internal toothed gear 6l surrounds the gear 59 and the internal opening in the gear 61 is of a size greater than the external diameter of the gear 59, vso that a portion onlv of the teeth of the gear 59 will be in mesh with the teeth of the gear 61 atany time, and the gears lare so arranged with respect to each other that the teeth may be brought into mesh. 1

In the present form of the invention, and in which six cylinders are illustrated, the ratio of the gears 59-61, is substantially seventy two to eighty, but it is ofcourse to be understood that' in the event that the number of cylinders is changed the ratio of these gears must necessarily be correspondd ingly altered.'

The gear 61 is preferably in the form of a cam gearand is preferably provided with cam projections 62 on its periphery and the cam projections are of such a size and are so located with respect to the extremities of the valve operating rods that the projections will engage anti-friction rollers 63 carried by the ends of the rods, to shift the rods when the cam projections are .moved into engagement therewith. In the present exempliication of this invention, five of these cam projections are shown, there being one projection less than lthe number of cylinders for the reason that the partsv are so constructed, that is, the cam gear 61, and the movement of this gear is so timed that the cam ring which travels upon the cover plate 15 to rotate in the same direction therewith but .at a slower rate of speed, thereby necessitating the provision-of only five cam projections for six cylinders,inasmuch as one of the cam projections will, by the movement above set forth, vassume a position to contact and shift the valve operating rod of the sixth cylinder by the time an explosion has been effected therein and after the exhaust valves of the remaining five cylinders have been actuated. During-this movement of the cam gear, the valve rods 50 will be operated in the order in which they are numbered in Fig. il, that i.: to say, the rod A will be operated irst, B second, C third, D fourth, kE fifth and F sixth.

The mechanism by which this movementv of the cam described..

The cam gear 61 is provided with a laterally projecting flange 64 which extends gear 61 is produced will now be 'on the cover plate 15 and the flange 64 is spaced from the periphery of the projecting portion 65 to form a raceway for the balls 66 and the gears 59, 61 are arranged in close proximity to the inner face of the projecting portion 65 of the plate 15.

Projecting laterally from thegear 59 and in a direction to enter the recesses 56 in the inner face of the plate 15 are stub axles 67, one for each of the recesses 56 and journaled upon these axles 67 by means of ball bearingsI 68 are anti-frictionv rollers 69 and the diameter of these anti-friction rollers is considerably smaller than the diameter of the recesses within which the rollers run. The rollers have engagement with the respective walls of the recesses 56 s'o that when the gear 59 is given ajbodily eccentric motion the recesses and they will also 4be given a' bodily motion within the recesses by means of the bodily motion of the gear 59.

rIt will therefore be SeenLthat inasmuch as the crank case and cylinders rotate in one direction and the shafts 25, 29, together with the propeller 32 and the eccentric 58 rotate in the opposite direction, a bodily movement will be given to the gear 59 in the same direction of movement as the. direction of movement of the eccentric 58, and at the same time the gear 59 will be rotated about the eccentric bearing and in the same direction as the direction of movement of the crank case. This rotation of the gear 59 about the eccentric 58 and in the same di* rection that the crank case is rotated, is accomplished by means of the fact that the gear 59 is, so to speak, locked to the plate l5 through the medium of the anti-friction rollers 69 and the recesses 56, so that it will be` manifest that even though there is a bod ily oscillating movement imparted to the gear 59 by the rotation of the leccentric 58, a rotary motion lof the gear 59 about the ec-' centric is effected through the medium of the plate 15..

This operation will cause the cam gear 61 to rotate in the same direction as the crank case, but at a different rate of speed to cause the respective cams 62 to `successively engage the rollers 63 on the respective rods 50 to open the exhaust valves of the cylinders successively and in the order designated by the reference characters A, B, C, D, E, and F.

By the time the respective cam projections have moved .in the `direction indicated by .the arrow in Fig. l and the crank case reference character E, five of the cylinders 4will have been exhausted and the cam pro- This relative movement of the cam gear 61 with respect to the plate 15 of the crank case, is accomplished by means of the ratio between the gears 59, 61 and this -ratio should be such that upon each complete revof the plate.

olution of the plate 15 upon' and with relation to which the gear 61 travels, the latter will have moved with respect to the direction of rotation of the plate, a distance substantially equal to one fifth of the rotation Obviously this ratio may be altered to suit the conditions existing and according to the number of cylinders employed.

The gears 59, 6l are held against lateral displacement longitudinally of the shaft 59 by means of the balls and ball races as will be understood.

The motor being of the four cycle type and assuming that there has been an` explosion' in the cylinder, the piston 18 will be at the limit of its inward movement after such explosion. The first movement of the piston e toward the explosion end after the explosion will force the burnt gases out of the exhaust. Upon the return of the piston, the valve 30EL will be released so that the suction in the cylinder will unseat the valve and a charge of fuel will be drawn into the explosion end of the cylinder. Upon the next outward movement of the piston, the valve will be seated while the charge is being compressed and upon the next inward movement of the piston although the valve will be released, it A will not be unseated because it will be held to its seat by the pressure of the gases behind the valve.

While in the present form of the invention, the preferred forms and constructions havebeen shown and speciiically described, which permit the parts to be compactly arranged and constructed of substantially light material, it is to be` understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement of the parts within the scope of the claims, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

The explosion is effected in the cylinders by any well known.V form or type of electric sparking device.

While in the claims the terms plate and face plate have been employed, 1t is underthe valves, an operating e stood that these terms are to be construed in their broadest interpretation and to mean any 4form of support or rotating element, adapted to perform functions ascribed to the plate.

What is claimed as new is:

1. In a motor of the class described, the` combination of a plurality of rotatable cylinders, a crank case connected therewith, a crank shaft rotatable in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the crank case and cylinders, pistons in the cylinders and connected with the crank, a valve for each of the cylinders, a cam element rotatable in the same direction as the cylinders but at a slower rate of speed for opening the valves, an operating` element for rotatin the cam element, and means for rotating t e operatin element in the same direction as the cy inders, the said means embodying mechanism whereby .another and diferent bodily movement with respectto the crank case will be imparted to the said operating element during its rotation.

2. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a plurality of rotatable cylinders, a crank case connected therewith, a crank shaft rotatable in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation ofthe cylinders and crank case, pistons in the cylinders and connected with the crank, a valve for each .of the cylinders, a cam element rotatable in the same direction as the cylinders but at a slower speed for openin the valves, an operating element for rotating the cam element, *Y

and means for rotating the rotating element inthe same direction asdthe c linders, the said means embodying mechanism whereb another and bodily rotary movement, with, respect to the crank case, will be imparted to -the said operating element during its rotation. v

3. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a plurality of rotatable cylinders, a crank case connected therewith a valve for each of the cylinders, a cam e ement rotatable in the same direction as the cylinders but at a slower speed, for opening ement for rotating the cam element, and means for rotating the rotating element in the same direction as the cylinders, the said means emthe vsame direction 'as the cylinders but at a lslower speed for openin the valves, an operating element for rotatlng the cam element, and means for rotating the operating element in the same direction as the cylinders,

the said means embodying mechanism whereby a bodily movement, with respect to the crank case, will be imparted to the said operating element simultaneously with its rotary movement.

5. In a motor of the class described, the

combination of a plurality of rotatable cylinders, a valve foreach of the cylinders, a cam element rotatable in the same direction as the cylinders but at a slower speed for opening the valves, an voperating element for rotating the cam element, and means for rotating the operating element in the same direction as the cylinders, the said 'means embodying mechanism whereby the said operating element will be rotated in the opposite direction during` its first recited rotary motion.

6. In a motor of the class described, the

combination of a plurality of rotatable cylinders, a crankshaft rotatable in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of l the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders and connected with the crank, a valve for each of the cylinders, a cam element rotatable in the same direction as the cylinders but at a slower-speed for opening the valves, an operating element for rotating the cam element, and means for rotating the operating element in the same direction yas the cylinders, the said means embodying mechanism whereby the said operating element will be given a bodily rotation in the opposite direction during its first recited rotary motion.

7. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a plurality ofrotatablecylinders, a crank case connected therewith; a crank shaft rotatable in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders and connected with the crank, a v alve for each cylinder, an internal toothed annular cam element for actuating the valves, an actuating gear within the cam element and of a diameter considerably less than the diameter of the opening in the element, means connecting the gear with the cylinders for rotation 1n the same direction therewith, and means for imparting a bodily rotary movement to the said gear within the opening of the cam element and with respect to vthe crank case durin the rotation of the gear.

8. a motor of the class described, the combination of a plurality of rotatable cylinders, a valve for each cylinder, an internal toothed annular cam element for actuating the valves, an actuating gear within the cam element and of a diameter less than the diameter of "the opening in the element,

9. In a motor of the class described, the

combination of a plurality of rotatable cylinders, a valve for each cylinder, an internal toothed annular cam element for actuatingA the valves, an actuating gear within the cam element and of a diameter less than the diameter of the opening in the element, means connecting the gear with the cylinders for rotation in the same direction therewith, and eccentric means for imparting a bodily rotary movement to the said gear within the opening of the cam element during the iirst recited rotationl of the said gear.

10. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a plurality of rotatable cylinders, a valve for each cylinder, an internal toothed annular cam element for actuating the valves, an actuating gear within the cam elementand of a diameter le'ss than the diameter of the opening in the element, means connecting the gear with the cylinders for rotation in the same direction therewith, and -eccentric means rotating in a direction opposite to the direction'of the cylinders for imparting a bodily rotation to the gear with respect to the cam element during the rotationof the gear.

11. The combination of a plurality of rotatable cylinders, a crank shaft rotatable in a direction opposite to the 'direction of r0- tation of the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders and connected with the crank, a valve for each of the cylinders, a rotatably supported annular internal toothed cam element for actuating the valves, a gear within the element and of a size less than the size of the opening in thev element, and meshing with the teeth of the element, and means whereby the gear will be simultaneously rotated about its axis in one direction and also bodily rotated in a direction opposite to the Afor each of the cylinders, a rotatably. supported annular internal toothed cam element -for actuating the valves, a gear within the element and of a size less than the size of the opening in the element, and meshing with the teeth of the element, and means whereby the gear will be simultaneously rotated about its axis in one direction and also :soyA

` 5 than the number of cylinders.

13. The combination of a rotatable support, a plurality of cylinders connected therewith, a valve for each of the cylinders, an annular internal toothed cam element rotatably mounted upon the support for movement in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the support, a gear within the element and meshing with the teeth thereof, said gear being of a size considerably less connecting the gear with the support for rotating the gear in the same direction as the support, and ycam means for .imparting a bodily rotation to the gear in the same direction as the support but at a slower s eed.

.14.' The combination of a rotatable support, a plurality of cylinders connected therewith, a crank rotatable in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the support, pistons in the cylinders and connected with the crank, a valve for each of the cylinders, an annular internal toothed cam element rotatably mounted upon the support for movement in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the support, a gear within the element and meshing with the teeth thereof, said gear bein of a size considerably less than the size o the opening, means loosely connecting the gear with the support for rotating the gear in the same direction as the support, and cam means for imparting a bodily rotation to the gear in the same direction as the support but at a slower speed and during the rotation of the gear with and in the lsame direction as the support.

'15. Valve actuating mechanism for motors of the class described, embodying a rotatable support, an annular member rotatably mounted upon the support, cam faces on the periphery 'of the member and teeth on the mner face of the member, a gear within the opening in the member and of a size considerably less than the opening, and means for supporting the gear for rotation about' its axis in one direction and for bodily rotation in the opposite direction within the annular element.

16. Valve actuating mechanism for motors of the class described, embodying a rotatable support, an annular member rotatably mounted upon the support, cam faces on the periphery of the member and teeth on the inner face of the member, a gear within the opening in the member and of a size considerably less than the opening, means loosely connecting the gear withithe support for rotation in the same direction therewith, and means eccentrically support'- than the size of the opening, means loosely yintegree ing the gear with relation to the support whereby a bodily rotary movement will" be imparted to the gear with relation to the t support and within the annular member.

Valve actuating mechanism for motors of the class described, embodying a rotatable support, an annular member rotatably mounted upon the support, cam faces on the periphery of the ,member and teeth on the inner face of the member', a gear withinthe opening in the member and of a size considerably less than the opening, means loosely connecting the gear with the support for rotation in the same direction therewith,- and means eccentrically supporting the gear with relation to the su port whereby a bodily rotary movement will be openings in its face adjacent the gear, means i carried by the gear, projecting laterally therefrom and into the respective openings to form loose connections between the gear.

and plate whereby the gear will be rotated in the same direction as and simultaneously with the plate, and. means for imparting a bodilyrotation to the gear within the said element and with relatlon to the plate in a direction opposite to the direction 'of rotation of the plate.

19. Valve actuating mechanism for motors of the class described, embodying a ro tatable plate, an annular cam element rotatably supported with respect thereto, said' element having internal teeth, a gear within the opening of the lelement meshing with the teeth and of a size considerably less than the opening, said plate being provided with openings in its face adjacent the gear, means carried by the gear, projecting laterally therefrom and into the respective o enings -to form loose connections between t e ,gear

and plate whereby thegear will be rotated in the same direction as and simultaneously with the plate, and means rotatably supporting the gear eccentrically with relation to the plate whereby a bodily rotary motlon will be imparted to the gear within the said element with relation to the plate and in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the plate.

20. `Valve actuating mechanism for motors ofthe class described embodying a rotatable plate, an annular cam element rotatablyv supported With respect thereto, said element having internalteeth, a gear Within the opening of the element meshing with the teeth and of a sizefconsiderab y less 5 than the size of the opening, said? plate being provided with openings in its face adjacent the gear, anti-friction devices con nected withV the gear and projecting into the respective openings in the plate, said 1'0 devices being of a size considerably smaller than the respective openings and engaging the Walls of the openings for rotating the gear in the same direction as the plate, and

means for imparting, to the gear a movement in a directionopposite to the direction. 15 of rotation of the plate to cause the said anti-frictionv devices. to be bodily rotated Within their respect-ive openings inl the plate. IIn testimony whereofV have'signed my name to this s eei'cation, in the presence 20 ofv twol subscri ing Witnesses, on .this 8th day of August, A. D. 1916.

THOMAS P. BROOKE. Witnesses:

RMA M. BARING, J. H. JOACHIM, Jr. 

